S/4HANA Database Tables Related to Customers / Business Partners

In SAP S/4HANA, Business Partners (BPs) represent entities such as customers, vendors, or other organizations with which a company has business relationships. Understanding the database tables related to Business Partners is essential for managing and retrieving data effectively. This guide provides an overview of the key tables, their relationships, and the hierarchy between them.

Business Partner Table Hierarchy and Relationships

1. BUT000 (Business Partner General Data)

  • Description: Central table containing general information about Business Partners (BP).
  • Key Fields:
    • PARTNER: Business Partner Number (Primary Key)
  • Relationship:
    • Serves as the central entry for all Business Partner data and links to other BP-related tables.

2. BUT020 (BP Roles)

  • Description: Contains the roles assigned to Business Partners.
  • Key Fields:
    • PARTNER: Business Partner Number
    • ROLE: BP Role (e.g., Customer, Vendor)
  • Relationship:
    • Linked to BUT000 by PARTNER.
    • Stores different roles a BP can have, such as customer or supplier.

3. BUT100 (BP Relationships)

  • Description: Stores relationship information between different Business Partners.
  • Key Fields:
    • PARTNER1: Business Partner Number of the first BP
    • RELTYPE: Relationship type (e.g., Employee, Contact Person)
    • PARTNER2: Business Partner Number of the related BP
  • Relationship:
    • Linked to BUT000 by PARTNER1 and PARTNER2.
    • Defines relationships such as who is the contact person for a customer.

4. BUT052 (BP Addresses)

  • Description: Stores address data for Business Partners.
  • Key Fields:
    • PARTNER: Business Partner Number
    • ADDRNUMBER: Address Number
  • Relationship:
    • Linked to BUT000 by PARTNER.
    • Connected to ADRC table for detailed address information.

5. ADRC (Address Data)

  • Description: General table for storing address data.
  • Key Fields:
    • ADDRNUMBER: Address Number (Primary Key)
  • Relationship:
    • Linked to BUT052 by ADDRNUMBER.
    • Contains detailed address information like city, postal code, etc.

6. KNA1 (Customer Master)

  • Description: Stores general customer information.
  • Key Fields:
    • KUNNR: Customer Number (Primary Key)
    • BUKRS: Company Code
  • Relationship:
    • Linked to BUT000 through the Business Partner number when a BP is also a customer.
    • Related to KNVV for Sales Area Data.

7. KNVV (Customer Sales Area Data)

  • Description: Stores customer data specific to sales areas.
  • Key Fields:
    • KUNNR: Customer Number
    • VKORG: Sales Organization
    • VTWEG: Distribution Channel
    • SPART: Division
  • Relationship:
    • Linked to KNA1 by KUNNR.
    • Provides details on sales-specific data like sales organization and pricing.

8. KNB1 (Customer Company Code Data)

  • Description: Stores customer data specific to company codes.
  • Key Fields:
    • KUNNR: Customer Number
    • BUKRS: Company Code
  • Relationship:
    • Linked to KNA1 by KUNNR.
    • Stores financial data for customers, such as payment terms and reconciliation accounts.

9. KNVK (Customer Contact Persons)

  • Description: Stores contact person data for customers.
  • Key Fields:
    • KUNNR: Customer Number
    • PERNR: Personnel Number
  • Relationship:
    • Linked to KNA1 by KUNNR.
    • Stores information about contact persons associated with a customer.

10. CVP_UPD_BP (Customer/Vendor Integration: BP Update)

  • Description: Table for storing update logs and integration data between BP and Customer/Vendor.
  • Key Fields:
    • PARTNER: Business Partner Number
    • KUNNR: Customer Number
  • Relationship:
    • Links BPs to their corresponding Customer or Vendor master records, ensuring synchronization.

Visual Representation of Relationships

graph TD;
    BUT000["BUT000 (BP General Data)"] --> BUT020["BUT020 (BP Roles)"];
    BUT000 --> BUT100["BUT100 (BP Relationships)"];
    BUT000 --> BUT052["BUT052 (BP Addresses)"];
    BUT052 --> ADRC["ADRC (Address Data)"];
    BUT000 --> KNA1["KNA1 (Customer Master)"];
    KNA1 --> KNVV["KNVV (Customer Sales Area Data)"];
    KNA1 --> KNB1["KNB1 (Customer Company Code Data)"];
    KNA1 --> KNVK["KNVK (Customer Contact Persons)"];
    BUT000 --> CVP_UPD_BP["CVP_UPD_BP (BP-Customer/Vendor Integration)"];

Conclusion

This guide provides an overview of the essential S/4HANA database tables related to Business Partners and Customers, along with their relationships and hierarchy. Understanding these tables is critical for managing business partner data effectively, whether you are working on data migration, reporting, or custom development. For more detailed use cases and configurations, refer to SAP documentation.